Membrane proteins play essential roles in cellular functions, but their investigation presents unique challenges. Understanding their structure and function is crucial, as they are significant drug targets, with over 50% of approved drugs targeting membrane proteins.
Our service is based on our expertise in membrane protein production, including case studies on ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). By employing state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies, we facilitate the efficient production of high-quality, recombinant membrane proteins, facilitating the drug development process for our collaborators.
Production of membrane proteins
Overexpression
Various expression systems
- Mammalian cells
- Insect cells (BEVS)
- E. coli (for protein fragments)
Construct design
- Type and position of the affinity tag
- Tag separation via linker/protease cleavage site
- Truncations/mutations
Different strategies of protein overexpression
- Infection/transduction with recombinant baculovirus
- Transient transfection
Optimization of the expression conditions
- Cell lines, media, MOI, IVP/L, time of expression, temperature, additives
Membrane solubilization and protein stabilization
Various methods of cell lysis
- Homogenization
- Sonication
- Freeze-thaw
Methods of membrane solubilization
- Direct solubilization during cell lysis
- Solubilization of the purified/isolated membranes
Screening of solubilization parameters
- Type of detergent
- Cholesterol-based additives
- Mixture/concentration of detergents
- Solubilization time
- Buffer composition
Purification
A broad range of chromatographic methods
- Affinity chromatography (His-tag, GST, MBP, Strep, Twin-Strep, FLAG, c-Myc)
- Size-exclusion chromatography, resolution range (1kDa –5 MDa)
- Ion exchange chromatography
Removal of the tag during the purification process
- Choice of different proteases
Characterization
Identity
- MS (peptide mapping) or N-terminal sequencing
Purity
- Densitometric analysis of CBB-stained gel
Overall fold and stability
- nanoDSF
Homogeneity and oligomerization status (if possible)
- HPLC-SEC-MALS